NCAA Sports Sponsorship and Participation Data
Presented to the Secretary of Education’s Commission on Opportunity in Athletics San Diego, California
November 20, 2002
NCAA Research Staff
Research Questions
What participation and sponsorship data does the NCAA collect and how is it collected? How accurate are the data? How many teams in NCAA designated championship sports were sponsored from 1982-2001? How many student-athletes in NCAA designated championship sports competed from 1982-2001? What is the average number of teams and student-athletes per NCAA institution?
November 20, 2002
Goals of NCAA Research
Provide highest quality data possible to decision-makers within the NCAA structure Provide facts aimed at informing policy, not to suggest or create specific policy Provide detailed information, where possible, so any user can run their own analyses
November 20, 2002
Data Collection
The NCAA collects data on what sports are sponsored and the number of participants per team. From each member institution, the data are annually collected in mid-August for the previous academic year via the Sports Sponsorship form.
A paper form was used from 1981-82 – 1998-99. A Web based form has been used since 1999-00.
The response rate for sports sponsorship data is 100% From 1981-82 – 1998-99 the response rate for participation data was between 90-100% and has been 100% ever since Prior to 1995-96 sponsorship and participation data from NCAA provisional members were not collected. The data are published annually in the NCAA Sports Sponsorship and Participation Rates Report
www.ncaa.org/library/research/participation_rates/1982-2001/index.html
November 20, 2002
Factors Affecting the Data
Membership growth
1981-82 = 787 members 2000-01 = 1,049 members
Members changing divisional classification Fluctuation in average squad sizes Schools adding and dropping teams Which sports have championship status
19 for men from 1981-82 – 2000-01 12 for women in 1981-82 to 19 in 2000-01
November 20, 2002
Overall Sport Sponsorship in NCAA Championship Sports
9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0
Number of Teams
Men Women
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 82 83 19 84 85 19 86 87 19 88 89 19 90 91 19 92 93 19 94 95 19 96 97 19 98 99 -0 0
Year
Overall Participation in NCAA Championship Sports
Number of Student-Athletes
250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 Men Women
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 -84 85 19 -86 87 19 -88 89 19 -90 91 19 -92 93 19 -94 95 19 -96 97 19 -98 99 -0 0
Year
Average Number of Teams per NCAA Institution
18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0
Number of Teams
Men's Women's Overall
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 -84 85 19 -86 87 19 -88 89 19 -90 91 19 -92 93 19 -94 95 19 -96 97 19 -98 99 -0 0
Year
Average Number of StudentAthletes per NCAA Institution
Number of Student-Athletes
400.0 350.0 300.0 250.0 200.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0 Men's Women's Overall
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 -84 85 19 -86 87 19 -88 89 19 -90 91 19 -92 93 19 -94 95 19 -96 97 19 -98 99 -0 0
Year
Summary Table
Numeric and Percentage Changes for All NCAA Member Institutions from 1981-82 to 2000-01 Gender Overall Teams Overall Participants Year Number per Participants per School of Teams School 1981-82 64,390 4,279 94.3 6.1 Female 2000-01 149,115 8,312 143.9 8.0 Change +131.6 % +94.3 % +52.6 % +31.1 % 1981-82 167,055 6,746 215.8 8.7 Male 2000-01 206,573 7,737 199.1 7.5 Change +23.6 % +14.7 % -7.7 % -13.7 %
November 20, 2002
1999 GAO Study
Numeric and Percentage Changes for 725 NCAA Member Institutions from 1985-86 to 1996-97 Gender Overall Teams Overall Participants Year Number per Participants per School of Teams School 1985-86 88,698 5,172 122.34 7.13 Female 1996-97 103,252 6,048 142.42 8.34 Change +16% +17% +16% +17% 1985-86 185,040 6,314 255.23 8.71 Male 1996-97 163,636 6,131 225.70 8.46 Change -12% -3% -12% -3%
November 20, 2002
2001 GAO Study
Numeric and Percentage Changes for NCAA and NAIA Member Institutions from 1981-82 to 1998-99 Gender Overall Number of Year Overall Participants Teams 1981-82 90,000 5,695 Female 1998-99 163,000 9,479 Change +81% +66% 1981-82 220,000 9,113 Male 1998-99 232,000 9,149 Change +5% +0.4%
November 20, 2002
Questions?
Comments?
November 20, 2002
NCAA Research Staff
Division I Championship Sport Sponsorship Data
3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0
Number of Teams
Men Women
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 82 83 19 84 85 19 86 87 19 88 89 19 90 91 19 92 93 19 94 95 19 96 97 19 98 99 -0 0
Year
Division II Championship Sport Sponsorship Data
Number of Teams
2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Men Women
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 82 83 19 84 85 19 86 87 19 88 89 19 90 91 19 92 93 19 94 95 19 96 97 19 98 99 -0 0
Year
Division III Championship Sport Sponsorship Data
4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0
Number of Teams
Men Women
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 82 83 19 84 85 19 86 87 19 88 89 19 90 91 19 92 93 19 94 95 19 96 97 19 98 99 -0 0
Year
Division I Championship Sport Participation Data
Number of Student-Athletes
100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 Men Women
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 -84 85 19 -86 87 19 -88 89 19 -90 91 19 -92 93 19 -94 95 19 -96 97 19 -98 99 -0 0
Year
Division II Championship Sport Participation Data
Number of Student-Athletes
50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Men Women
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 82 83 19 84 85 19 86 87 19 88 89 19 90 91 19 92 93 19 94 95 19 96 97 19 98 99 -0 0
Year
Division III Championship Sport Participation Data
Number of Student-Athletes
90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0
Men Women
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 82 83 19 84 85 19 86 87 19 88 89 19 90 91 19 92 93 19 94 95 19 96 97 19 98 99 -0 0
Year
Average Number of Teams per Division I Institution
Number of Teams
20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 Men's Women's Overall
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 84 85 19 -86 87 19 88 89 19 90 91 19 -92 93 19 94 95 19 -96 97 19 98 99 -0 0
Year
Average Number of Teams per Division II Institution
16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0
Number of Teams
Men's Women's Overall
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 84 85 19 -86 87 19 88 89 19 90 91 19 -92 93 19 94 95 19 -96 97 19 98 99 -0 0
Year
Average Number of Teams per Division III Institution
18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0
Number of Teams
Men's Women's Overall
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 84 85 19 -86 87 19 88 89 19 90 91 19 -92 93 19 94 95 19 -96 97 19 98 99 -0 0
Year
Average Number of StudentAthletes per Division I Institution
Number of Student-Athletes
500.0 400.0 300.0 200.0 100.0 0.0 Men's Women's Overall
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 -84 85 19 -86 87 19 -88 89 19 -90 91 19 -92 93 19 -94 95 19 -96 97 19 -98 99 -0 0
Year
Average Number of StudentAthletes per Division II Institution
Number of Student-Athletes
350.0 300.0 250.0 200.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0
Men's Women's Overall
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 -84 85 19 -86 87 19 -88 89 19 -90 91 19 -92 93 19 -94 95 19 -96 97 19 -98 99 -0 0
Year
Average Number of StudentAthletes per Division III Institution
Number of Student-Athletes
400.0 350.0 300.0 250.0 200.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0
Men's Women's Overall
November 20, 2002
19 81 19 -82 83 19 -84 85 19 -86 87 19 -88 89 19 -90 91 19 -92 93 19 -94 95 19 -96 97 19 -98 99 -0 0
Year